Input Devices
Input devices are any electronic devices connected to a computer that produce input
signals.
A keyboard is an example of input device for text input.
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A scanner is an example of input device for graphical as well as text input.
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A microphone is an example of input device for audio input
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A webcam is an example of an input device for video input.
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A mouse is also an input device but it is called a pointing device used
to input data into a computer.
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Input Devices for Texts
You can enter data such as text and commands into a computer by pressing the keys on the
keyboard.
You can press the keys of a virtual keyboard on the screen.
An optical reader is a device that uses a light source to read characters, marks and codes
and then converts them into digital data that a computer can process.
b. Input Devices for Graphics
A scanner is a device that captures images from photographic prints, posters, magazine
pages and similar sources for computer editing and display.
A digital camera allows you to take pictures and store the photographed images digitally.
c. Input Devices for Audio
Audio input is the speech, music and sound effects entered into the computer. This can be
done by using input devices such as a microphone and digital musical instruments like the
Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) keyboard.
ICTL for Secondary School - Computer Hardware Module
d. Input Devices for Video
Video input are motion images captured into the computer by special input devices.
A Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) video camera is a type of digital video camera that
enables a home or small business user to capture video and still images.
A webcam is a video camera that displays its output on a web page.
A digital video camera allows you to record full motion and store the captured motion
digitally.
e. Pointing Devices
A pointing device is another form of input device. Pointing devices such as a mouse,
trackball, graphics tablet and touch screen are used to input spatial data into the computer.
Spatial data refers to data that is continuous and multi-dimensional.
Output Devices
An output device is hardware that is capable of delivering or showing information to one or
more users. An output device displays, prints and presents the results of a computer’s work.
Types of Output Devices
A display device is an output device that visually conveys texts, graphics and video
information.
A monitor is an example of an output device that can be used to display text. It can also
display graphics and video. It is similar to a television set that accepts video signals from a
computer and displays information on its screen.
A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) projector uses its own light source to project what is
displayed on the computer on a wall or projection screen. A digital light processing (DLP)
projector uses tiny mirrors to reflect light which can be seen clearly in a well-lit room.
A printer is an output device that prints text and graphics on a physical medium such as
paper or transparency film.
A photo printer is a colour printer that produces photo quality pictures.
An image setter produces high quality output compared to an ordinary laser printer. An
image setter is a high resolution output device that can transfer electronic text and graphics
directly to film, plates or photo-sensitive paper.
An audio output device produces music, speech, or other sounds. A pair of speakers is an
audio output device that generates sound. The headphone is a pair of small speakers
placed over the ears and plugged into a port on the sound card. A woofer or subwoofer is
used to boost the low bass sound and is connected to the port on the sound card
Storage Devices
What Is Computer Storage?
Information and documents are stored
in computer storage so that it can be
retrieved whenever they are needed
later on.
Computer storage is the storing of data
in an electromagnetic form to be accessed
by a computer processor.
Types of Computer Storage
1. Primary storage
2. Secondary storage
Primary Storage
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Primary storage is the main memory in a computer. It stores data and programs that can be
accessed directly by the processor.
Types Of Primary Storage
There are two types of primary storage which are RAM and ROM.
Secondary Storage
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Secondary storage is another alternative
storage to save your work and documents. It
is very useful to store programs and data for
future use.
It is non-volatile, which means that
it does not need power to maintain
the information stored in it. It will
store the information until it is erased.
Types Of Secondary Storage
Magnetic Medium
Magnetic Medium is a non-volatile storage medium. It can be
any type of storage medium that utilizes magnetic patterns to
represent information. The devices use disks that are coated
with magnetically sensitive material. Examples of magnetic
storage are:
magnetic disk such as:
o a floppy disk, used for off-line storage
o hard disk, used for secondary storage
o
magnetic tape such as
o video cassette,
o audio storage reel-to-reel tape
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